Print awareness: Reading can be learnt in daily personal
life, such as during grocery shopping. Exposure to print and books is great for
start for children to learn reading. This is a stage for becoming aware of
print. Children tend to pretend to read while they play. Reading can be a
pleasure for children.
Speech sounds: infants are interested in sounds that they
have not heard before. This interest can be measured through sucking patterns, looking
time, head turn. Babies can differentiate different sounds, such as b and d. Talking
to infants not only build close emotion relationship but also prepare them to
become comprehensive readers.
Phonemes awareness: reading aloud may be the best way to put
a child become a good reader. To assure a better start, word games can build phonemic
awareness.
Alphabetic Principle: a good reading program moves through
letter-sound connections in a sensible order. Links between letters and sounds
can be reinforced.
Fluency: it is the ability to read aloud without hesitation or
false start. Decode and decode quickly with comprehension are important.
Semantic Gradients: a vocabulary strategy that asks children
to think about what thye know about words. This can be done through letting
children to differentiate words with minor differences in meaning on table. This
helps children to build their vocabulary.
Spelling Pattern: exploring words’ features rather than
simple memorizing word spelling can be more helpful for children.
Jigsaw: this cooperative learning strategy can help children
enhance their reading comprehension. Children work in both home group and
expert group for studying and sharing.
Assessing Reading Skills: High IQ is not associated with
reading success. Ongoing assessment should be used by all teachers. They need
to understand how to diagnose difficulties continuously.